This editorial describes evolving chronophysiomical mediations of appetite and food intake (AFI). Chronophysiomics is a multiscience involving integrated chronophysiology and functional omics biotechnologies. Chronophysiology as an evolutionary interscience has enabled humans and animals to better cope with the changing environment from the mother nature towards modernity. This trend continues to evolve into postmodernity. With the recent discoveries on timing of eating and feeding orchestrating circadian and postprandial nutrient intake and metabolic rhythms in animal models [1-7], time has already come to contemplate chronophysiology as a key regulator of AFI. Omics biotechnologies (e.g., genomics, proteomics, lipidomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics) provide new tools to further our perceptions of possible mechanisms underlying such regulations. This is important since AFI affects directly or circuitously risks of health issues such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
Friday, September 12, 2014
Association of Begomovirus with Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) leaf curl virus disease in southern India
A severe leaf curl disease of Okra with high disease incidence and loss of production was observed during field survey of various locations of Southern India, and causal organism was identified as Begomovirus and its association was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but also by cloning and sequencing of amplified PCR products and whitefly transmission. The DNA β and Coat protein gene was cloned and sequenced. The sequence data were assembled and analyzed by using the Bio-Edit (version 5.0.9). The nucleotide sequences of DNA β and Coat protein gene showed highest identities with Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virusisolates. But the most important and novel observation was recorded that the infected plants with severe leaf curl disease never develops yellow vein mosaic symptoms during same field conditions. These findings suggest that the association of Begomoviruswith severe leaf curl disease could be strain of Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus occurring in southern India. The above findings require more study to confirm strong association of causal organism with this unique symptom.
Chlorinated Pyridazin-3-(2H)-ones as Novel Anti-Cancer Agents
Analogues of new lead structures, such as amido-2(5H)-furanones,
bisarylated acrylic acids and 3(2H)-pyridazones, were prepared from
mucochloric acid. Initially, these simple butenolides and analogues have
been evaluated in tissue culture studies and subsequently, selected
examples were tested in vivo on MAC 16 murine colon cancer cell lines.
Bis-arylated methacrylic acids showed in addition to a moderate
cytotoxicity an inhibition of tumor growth in vivo in mice. The xylene
derivative MXAA displayed at 20mg/kg a 25% inhibition compared to 27%
for the control (5-FU). The acetamido-furanone AAF displayed an IC50 of
18, 4 μM for the MAC 13 and MAC16 cell line, respectively and this
translated into 26% inhibition of tumour growth in the transplanted MAC
16 cell line in mice. The unsubstituted pyridazine DCPYR, had a manifold
higher in vitro activity, than the known arylated pyridazones and most
interestingly this correlated well with the observed in vivo activity.
Pyridazine DCPYR showed 53% inhibition of tumour growths in vivo in mice
at a 50mg/kg dose and less weight loss was observed for this best agent
compared to the anti-metabolite 5-FU, which serve
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Comparative Analysis of Chemical, Fungal and Enzymatic Degradation of MCP
In general three different methods are used for the cleanup of pesticides. These include chemical, microbial and enzymatic methods. Therefore, the present study is an endeavor to compare the efficiency of all the three methods for the study of degradation of monocrotophos (MCP) (150 μgml-1). Chemical method involved the use of 0.1N NaOH, whereas for the biological as well as enzymatic method, molecularly characterized fungal strain Aspergillus niger JQ660373 was used. %age of MCP degradation was assessed in the form of residual MCP concentration and hence degradation kinetics was premeditated. The results were confirmed by using analytical tools, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Fourier Transfom Infrared (FTIR). Results of the study demonstrated that degradation of MCP followed first order kinetics with the calculated half-life of 0.79 days in enzymatic method as compared to 3.16 and 4.21 days for fungal and chemical method. HPTLC chromatograms clearly indicate significant decrease in the standard MCP peak (rf 0.19-0.21) with increasing incubation duration. Molecular insight of MCP degradation as studied, suggests hydrolytic cleavage of MCP resulting in the formation of inorganic phosphates (–PO4) and amines. The overall efficiency of degradation was found to be Enzymatic > Fungal > Chemical.
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CT Gently: Personalizing CT and CBCT Imaging for the Children
Medical imaging procedures such as computed tomography (CT) and
cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) have been widely used in the
diagnosis, detection and treatments of cancers worldwide. The achieved
efficiency in the clinical workflow and improved patient care come at a
price of radiation doses that pose potential cancer risks to the
patients, especially the children who are more susceptible to the
radiation damage than the adults. To address this concern, we have newly
developed an iPhone app termed CT Gently that can be used to estimate
the organ doses and associated cancer risk from CT and CBCT scans based
on individual anatomy and scan mode. Furthermore, the CT Gently app can
generate optimized mAs and kVp settings for personalized low-dose CT and
CBCT scans, essential to the children undergoing these imaging
procedures. The increasing radiation exposure to the large population
including millions of children necessitates the applications of
personalized CT and CBCT imaging for the children as well as the adults.
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Immune Properties Corroborated By A. Rubens Sea Star Igkappa Gene
The general idea that emerged from the experiments, made in our laboratoires, was that Echinodermata, as exemplified by sea stars: Asterina gibbosa and Asterias Rubens, possessed an immune system, with B cell lymphocytes, able to mount cellular and humoral-specific responses, after stimulation with a foreign antigen [1]. Asterias Rubens produced ‘‘An antibody’’ anti HRP after injections to HRP, it was shown to correlate to kappa genes, in 2011 [2]. In 2013-2014 a sea star
Ig Kappa gene to HRP was cloned [3,4]. This gene of which, here is the sequence
Ig Kappa gene to HRP was cloned [3,4]. This gene of which, here is the sequence
Parietal Bone Metastasis of Rectal Adenocarcinoma as an Initial Diagnosis of Recurrence: Case Report
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a most common and lethal disease of the gastrointestinal tract [1]. CRC can usually spread by lymphatic and hematogenous routes. The most common metastatic sites are the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and peritoneum [1]. Uncommon metastasis of CRC were described such as skin, muscles, skull and thyroid [2-6]. Involvement of unusual sites with metastasis frequently occurs in the presence disseminated disease. Thus, the patient presented with widespread metastasis had poor prognosis [4]. Although all types of tumors lead to metastasis to skull hematogenous route, breast cancer and lung cancers are associated with the highest rate, skull metastases of CRC are quite rare [5]. Parietal bone metastasis without vertebral bone metastasis from CRC is an unexpected situation. The most common presenting symptom of skull metastases is a visible, localized swelling of skull produced by growing tumor [7]. Herein, we report a case of patient with a visible, localized swelling of skull.
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